Early+Years+of+the+Cold+War

C opy this page onto a new page in your online notebook. To get an overview of the origins of the Cold War, begin by reading [|Allies to Enemies: Origins of the Cold War] from ABC-CLIO. **Use pages 794-799 in //Creating America// and** ** [|“The Cold War” research list on ABC-CLIO] ** **to** **develop a complete description** **for each event or idea from the early years of the Cold War.** **This information will help set the stage for tomorrow's activity. Use the first entry as an example for detail.**


 * **THE YALTA CONFERENCE**
 * Meeting near the end of WWII - big 3 meet to discuss post war Europe
 * Germany will be divided, controlled by the Allies
 * Liberated Eastern European countries will have new elections
 * United Nations will be formed
 * USSR is given great influence over Eastern Europe, and new government must be "Soviet freindly"
 * the roots of the Cold War are established || [[image:turningpoints2010:yalta.jpg align="center" caption="yalta.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:un.gif align="center" caption="un.gif"]] || **THE UNITED NATIONS**


 * **Made during the aftermath of World War II**
 * **Created to stabilize relations with other nations and establish peace.**
 * **A watchdog for over 50 years** ||
 * **CONTAINMENT**


 * **Truman Administration's chief plan during the Cold War**
 * **Wanted to stop Communism**
 * **Prevented some countries from gaining to much land** || [[image:turningpoints2010:kennan.jpg align="center" caption="kennan.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:truman.jpg align="center" caption="truman.jpg"]] || **THE TRUMAN DOCTRINE**


 * **After the containment, Truman introduced the Truman Doctrine**
 * **Aid to those struggling to resist threats to their democratic liberties**
 * **Supported anti-communism**
 * **Laid groundwork for the Marshall Plan**
 * **Supported our Cold War policy and led to conflicts between nations** ||
 * **THE MARSHALL PLAN**


 * **Helped European economies after World War II**
 * **Named after Secretary of State George Marshall**
 * **$13 bil. was given to assist countries Europe**
 * **Rebuilt these Europe**
 * **Limited Soviet rule**
 * **Boosted the U.S. economy due beacause aid would be returned as orders for American goods** || [[image:turningpoints2010:marshall.jpg align="center" caption="marshall.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:airlift.jpg align="center" caption="airlift.jpg"]] || **THE BERLIN BLOCKADE AND AIRLIFT**


 * **Allies divided Germany into four temporary zones**
 * **Merged the zones to form a democratic country**
 * **Became an isolated democratic nation surrounded by communist nations**
 * **Soviet Union blockaded routes to Western Berlin to push out the Allies**
 * **Truman responded with the Berlin AIrlift,**
 * **Planes with supplies would be sent to Berlin to aid the citizens**
 * **Stalin stopped the blockade about a year after the planes flew in**
 * **Division of Germany**
 * **Created communist East Germany and West Germany** ||
 * **NATO AND THE WARSAW PACT**


 * **U.S. and European allies became nervous about communist control over Europe**
 * **NATO was formed with nations including Canada and Weat European Countries**
 * **Believed that if one country was attacked it was as if the country itself was being attacked also.**
 * **Soviet response: the Warsaw Pact** || [[image:turningpoints2010:nato.png align="center" caption="nato.png"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg align="center" caption="19471023_Reagan_HUAC.jpg"]] || **THE RED SCARE, THE ROSENBERGS, AND HUAC**


 * **U.S. citizens became scared about communism growing in America**
 * **Julius Rosenberg accused of sending messages to Russians and was sentenced to five years in prison**
 * **Was part of the American Communist party, were tried for passing secrets to the Soviets, found guilty and were executed**
 * **HUAC was formed the anti - communists which focused, directors, actors, and filmmakers and accused them of being communists**
 * **Crushed careers of these people** ||
 * **COMMUNISM IN CHINA** * **U.S. supported Nationalists**
 * **Mao Zedong was the communist leader of China**
 * **The Nationalist government left for Taiwan; the fall was a shock to the America**
 * **Thought it was a plot by communists for world domination**
 * **State Departemtn was blamed for not stopping the revolution** || [[image:turningpoints2010:PRCFounding.jpg align="center" caption="PRCFounding.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:korean67.gif align="center" caption="korean67.gif"]] || **THE KOREAN WAR**


 * No need to take notes - you will have a different assignment and activity** ||
 * **MCCARTHYISM** * **Said that some State Departemtn Officials were part of the communist party**
 * **Crushed thousands of careers**
 * **Mccarthyism: "reckless charges against innocent citizens"**
 * **McCarthy accused the Army of indulging Communists**
 * **McCarthy faded away soon after the Senate criticized McCarthy and his policies** || [[image:turningpoints2010:180px-Joseph_McCarthy.jpg align="center" caption="180px-Joseph_McCarthy.jpg"]] ||
 * [[image:turningpoints2010:1sputnik.jpg align="center" caption="1sputnik.jpg"]] || **THE SPACE RACE**


 * **Soviet Union and America: 1957**
 * **Soviet Union launched the first space satellite, Sputnik.**
 * **Showed that the Soviets had a missile powerful enough to get to the US**
 * **While Congress spent billions of dollars for outer space, scientists raced to launch a satellite of our own**
 * **America was then successful in putting the first man on the moon** ||